The current investigation was conducted to assess the ethanolic extract of Tribulus lanuginosus in vitro anticancer potential against liver cancer cell lines. A significant worldwide health issue linked to oxidative stress, persistent inflammation, and increasing liver damage is liver cancer, especially hepatocellular carcinoma. The hepatoprotective and anticancer potential of medicinal plants that include bioactive phytochemicals including flavonoids, saponins, and phenolic compounds is being studied more and more. Tribulus lanuginosus leaves were gathered, verified, shade-dried, and extracted with ethanol in this study. Initial phytochemical screening verified the existence of significant secondary metabolites. After that, the extract's cytotoxic activity was assessed on liver cancer cell lines using conventional in-vitro techniques. Significant anticancer potential was shown by the results, which showed a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on cancer cell survival that may be connected to cytoprotective and antioxidant pathways. Overall, the study supports Tribulus lanuginosus potential use as a natural source of hepatoprotective and anticancer drugs; nevertheless, more research is advised to identify active chemicals and verify efficacy through sophisticated experimental and clinical studies.