PHARMACOGNOSTICAL PHYTOCHEMICAL AND IN-VITRO EVALUATION OF ANTI-TUBERCULAR AND CYTOTOXIC ACTIVITY IN HOMALOCLADIUM PLATYCLADUM OF CLADODE EXTRACTS

The pharmacognostical, phytochemical, and in vitro pharmacological characteristics of Homalocladium platycladum (Polygonaceae), a plant with traditional therapeutic applications, are examined in this work. The need for better, plant-based treatment options is growing due to the rising rates of cancer and tuberculosis as well as the negative side effects of synthetic medications. To determine the authenticity and purity of the plant material, pharmacognostical evaluation was carried out using macroscopic, microscopic, organoleptic, and physicochemical investigations. Flattened cladodes, paracytic stomata, and unique anatomical structures were noted as characteristic traits. Standardization was aided by physicochemical factors such as ash values, extractive values, and fluorescence analysis. Important bioactive substances such flavonoids, tannins, saponins, terpenoids, carbohydrates, and proteins were found by preliminary phytochemical screening. The presence of many phytoconstituents was verified by Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC). The in-vitro pharmacological study showed noteworthy cytotoxic activity against HepG2 cell lines using the MTT assay and significant anti-tuberculosis activity using the Microplate Alamar Blue Assay (MABA). The results validate the traditional use of Homalocladium platycladum and show its potential for future medication development.

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